1. Hardness
The wear resistance of metal materials can be measured by the hardness of the material. Generally speaking, the higher the hardness, the better the wear resistance. This is mainly because the hardness of the material reflects the resistance of the material surface to wear. Therefore, the metal structure that increases the hardness of the material can generally also improve the wear resistance of the material. However, due to differences in the composition and structure of the cladding wear-resistant composite plate materials, the hardness is too high, and its welding performance and toughness are greatly reduced. The material may not adapt to a specific wear condition, so the hardness cannot be used to compare the material's resistance to wear.
2. Crystal structure and crystal solubility
Cobalt can be used as an important component element of high-hardness cladding wear-resistant composite plates. A pair of metal friction pairs with poor metallurgical miscibility can obtain lower friction coefficient and wear rate. If the material forming a friction pair with steel has very little solubility in iron, or the material is an intermetallic compound, the wear resistance of the friction pair surface will be better.
3. Temperature
Temperature changes the wear resistance of metal materials mainly through its effects on hardness, crystal structure transformation, mutual solubility, and increased oxidation rate. The hardness of surfacing wear-resistant composite plates usually decreases as the temperature rises, so as the temperature rises, the wear rate increases. Some friction parts (such as high-temperature bearings) require materials with high thermohardness. The material should contain alloying elements such as cobalt, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum. The mutual solubility of friction pairs can be viewed as a function of temperature. If the temperature rises, the materials tend to dissolve with each other, affecting the wear rate of the materials.
In addition, the increase in temperature promotes the increase in the oxidation rate of the cladding wear-resistant composite plate, and has a significant impact on the types of oxides generated, so the friction and metal wear properties also have an impact on the cladding wear-resistant composite plate.
